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Wage per employee and R&D as % of wages, 2012-22

September 2025

R&D investment is positively linked to wages. From 2012 to 22, workers in IP-intensive manufacturing earned $75,979 per employee annually, leading by $98,112 per employee in the biopharma industry, compared to $59,605 per worker in the manufacturing industries and $53,833 per worker in the manufacturing and services industries.